Connecting to Collections Care

 View Only
  • 1.  Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-28-2019 15:32
    What are the best practices for musty odor in a crazy quilt we'd like to keep?

    A literature review has lots of suggestions from Hepa vacuuming, freezing, storing with desiccant packets, UV light, plus other non-museum references that suggest coffee grounds, activated charcoal, kitty litter, etc. so we are curious about current recommendations--we have it sealed in plastic temporarily and away from our collection area.

    Should we deal with the musty odor first before freezing?  If we are successful in killing the odor, have we also killed the underlying cause, the mold, mildew or fungus, or is an other treatment needed? We don't have access to a fume hood, and the quilt is 48" square, so Hepa vacuuming will be a time-consuming process though we do have the vacuum and a non-storage space we could use.  We can't get inside the lined quilt without taking it apart, but it does not have interior ties and we suspect the velvet border and backing are not original so we contemplate opening it up for vacuuming.  It is in otherwise good condition, mostly silks and cotton velvet, no shattering, does have cat hair on surface. The Laramie area house it came from was next to a creek, so it might have mildew, but we don't see any stains on the mostly dark surfaces--stains might be masked.  Laramie is generally around 35% humidity or less so mildew is not something we are used to encountering. 

    References we have consulted are the 1993 Conserve-o-gram from the NPS and 2008 CCI note "Mould Growth on Textiles".  

    --
    Judy Knight, Collection Manager
    Laramie Plains Museum
    603 Ivinson Ave.,  Laramie, WY 82070
    je.judy@gmail.com   307-760-7427 (mobile) 


  • 2.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-29-2019 19:33
    Dear Judy Knight,

    I am the current Connecting to Collections Care monitor. Thank you for reaching out with this! Odors and mold are serious issues. I will reach out to experts in the C2CC community to answer your questions. In the mean time, it sounds like you are taking the right precautions by keeping the textile sealed in plastic away from the rest of the collection. I will get back to you with recommendations from the C2CC experts as soon as possible.

    Thank you
    Amanda Kasman

    Winterthur/University of Delaware Graduate Fellow 
    Art Conservation, Class of 2021
    Second Year Paintings Major 


    ------------------------------
    Amanda Kasman
    Graduate Fellow
    Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation
    Wilmington DE
    (843) 819-2406
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-30-2019 09:49
    Regarding mould and the smell that accompanies it.

    I have discussed mould with an expert on the subject and she will tell you, that washing is the only reliable way the clean and kill the mould. While freezing is recomented as gerenal IPM it wont do much for the smell and it wont killing the mould. Vaccuming will clean of the surface and remove some spores, but not the smell. So if the textile is strong enough I would recomend washing with an apporpriate detergent. But you may want to consult a textile conservator.   

    Good luck.

    ------------------------------
    Maiken Riisom
    Conservator
    Medical Museion
    Copenhagen
    ------------------------------



  • 4.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-30-2019 12:50
    "Musty smells" in books, papers and paintings are a family of compounds related to 2-Methyl-iso-borneol, a chemical produced by microorganisms for which humans have very high olfactory sensitivity, where humans can smell the compounds in the parts per trillion. Humans can smell even tiny residuals so removing the smell may take a while. At the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum, the following describes our determination of "best practices" after consulting with mycologists and conservators.
    • First – If the work is now kept in an environment having a relative humidity of 55% or less on a nearly continuous basis, all the micro-organisms (fungi, cyanobacteria) are DEAD – not living –and the musty smell is a normal result of their dead cells. There is no need to attempt to kill the mold or bacteria with any compound – bleach, fungicide, alcohols. Keep the work relatively dry and the organisms are dead.
    • If the worker has no cardio-pulmonary issues: If there is visible mold hyphae – the branching, vegetative parts of mold –  it may help to brush these now-dead plant parts away with a clean, dry brush if it can be done without dangerous manipulation of pressure on the artwork. Use caution so as not to disturb design surfaces or fragile attachments. Work up-wind in an exterior environment so that the mold spores and conidia are carried away from the worker, down wind and wear washable clothes or smocks that can me laundered separately and immediately after working. Shower immediately afterward or the mold parts can contribute to respiratory irritation.
    • Dilution with fresh air over time is the best, practical way to eliminate the smelly chemical compounds. The rate of dilution can be accelerated by:
      • Clean, dry, circulating air – either outside or facilitated by a fan and venting to and from the outside
      • Warm temperature – The warmer the object, the faster the rate of compound evolution. Never go above 90 degrees F for any reason.
      • Enclosed storage, framing or backing with a pollution absorbent – activated charcoal and zeolite embedded backing boards. Micro Chamber brand black/white general purpose scavenger paper from Conservation Resources http://www.conservationresources.com/Main/section_15/section15_09.htm has proven to be effective at both accelerating dilution and scavenging residual compounds over the long term. 


    ------------------------------
    Dale Kronkright
    Head of Conservation
    Georgia O'Keeffe Museum and Research Center
    Santa Fe NM
    (505) 946-1041
    ------------------------------



  • 5.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-30-2019 14:25
    These responses are so helpful-thanks so much for your help!
    --
    Judy Knight, 
    1912 Custer Street,  Laramie, WY 82070
    je.judy@gmail.com   307-760-7427 (mobile) 





  • 6.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 09-30-2019 17:28

    If you think the textile has mold or mildew on the surface you will need to take the time to vacuum it either before or after you freeze it. However, please note that putting it in the freezer will only make the mold go dormant, it doesn't kill it.  You will need to watch it going forward as any spikes in humidity can reactivate the mold. Vacuuming may also help with the smell.

     

    You might try sealing it in microchamber paper which I'm told reduces the smell of smoke after a fire so may reduce the musty smell too.

     

    Good luck

     

    It's YOUR History!

     

    Katherine Owens

    Curator of Collections

    Missouri State Museum/JLSHS

    100 Jefferson St.

    Jefferson City, Mo 65101
    Office # 573-522-1980

    Find us on the web at mostateparks.com


    We'd like your feedback on the service you received from the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Please consider taking a few minutes to complete the department's Customer Satisfaction Survey at surveymonkey.com/r/MoDNRsurvey. Thank you.

     

     






  • 7.  RE: Musty odors in textiles

    Posted 10-02-2019 21:39
    Dear Judy Knight,

    You have already received many great responses, but I am happy to be able to provide even more feedback from a C2CC Community expert, a conservator of textiles and upholstery.

    "From your description, it is unlikely that the quilt harbors active or recently active mold. Nonetheless, to be safe, gently vacuum with a HEPA filtered vacuum.  You can put a fine net over the vacuum nozzle or the upholstery brush head. A patting motion generates safe, low levels of suction. 

    As described in a previous response, vacuuming should be done outdoors or in a well-ventilated space, not near collections.  For your safety, wear an N95 filtered mask, gloves, and a smock or apron. To echo Mr. Kronkright's answer, air circulation is key. Try to find a place where the piece might hang semi-outside, like an enclosed screen porch or an area where screened windows can be opened. That will help reduce the odor.
    Wrapping in microchamber paper may not be practical for such a large object. Activated charcoal might be effective if airing out does not provide a satisfactory result; however, be sure that the charcoal is never put in direct contact with the textile. To utilize charcoal, consider making a container for the activated charcoal and securing it to the lid of an acid-free box or large plastic storage bin.   
    Please note that it is not advisable to wash the quilt. From the description, the textile sounds fragile. It is a good rule-of-thumb that any large, historic textile should only be wet cleaned by a trained textile conservator. This is in part because the weight of the wet fabric can led to damage. Also, degradation products and soluble dyes can migrate when wet."
    More information can be found at this website: http://www.conservation-wiki.com/wiki/BPG_Mold

    Best of luck,
    Amanda Kasman

    Winterthur/University of Delaware Graduate Fellow 
    Art Conservation, Class of 2021
    Second Year Paintings Major 




    ------------------------------
    Amanda Kasman
    Graduate Fellow
    Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation
    Wilmington DE
    (843) 819-2406
    ------------------------------